Commentary for Bava Kamma 3:1

These are called Avos because they are written in the Torah explicitly, and the Gemara explains the Toldos are.

There are places that do not use the word "hen (they)," as is the case here, as well as in the Gemara regarding "There are 13 main categories of damages" and in the case of "There are 4... (please some amend translation of this case)." And there are places that do use the word "hen" as in the case of "There are for guardians" and "There are 4 new years."

The order in which they are written in the Parsha they are ordered in the Mishna, for the first Parsha discusses the Ox, the second, Pit...

The ox and the pit. Why are the four damagers listed in this particular order? Tosafot elaborates upon Rashi’s explanation.
Rashi (ד"ה השור והבור) explains: that in the order the four damagers were written in the Torah, the tanna arranged them in the Mishna.
Keren appears in Parashat Mishpatim 21, 28.
Bor appears in 21, 33.
Maveh and hever will soon be discussed in this Tosafot.
This is correct according to the one who says that the word shor in our Mishna is a reference to keren. There is another opinion that shor in our Mishna is referring to regel, which actually appears later in the Torah 22, 4, after bor.
And even though according to the one who says that when the tanna mentions shor, it means regel, it is not in the order of the parsha, since regel is mentioned in Shemot 22, 4, - “and he will send his animal”, which is after bor (21, 33), this does not present a problem, because in any case, the title “shor” appears earlier in the parsha (21, 28), which is discussing goring by keren. That reference to shor is sufficient reason to list shor first in our Mishna, even though the shor our Mishna is discussing is regel.
There is a dispute in the Gemara (3b) about maveh. Rav says that maveh refers to a person who damages. Shmuel holds that maveh means shain, an animal that damages by eating. How do these two opinions mesh with Rashi’s explanation that the Mishna follows the order of the Torah? If maveh is shain, there is no problem. Shain is mentioned in Shemot 22, 4, after bor Shemot 21, 33 and followed by aish (hever) in the next verse. However, Rav’s opinion that maveh means a person is problematic, as Tosafot now points out.
And according to the one who says maveh is a person, even though it is written much later in Parashat Emor (Vayikra 24, 18), - “and one who destroys the life of an animal must pay”, which is speaking of a person who damages an ox, the tanna did not feel the need to teach it in the order of the parsha, the hever (aish) before the maveh, because the maveh is so distant anyhow. the tanna therefore prefers to list maveh in the order it will appear in the Mishna later, when the Mishna discusses the different characteristics of the damagers by saying “this one does not appear to have the same characteristics as that one”. In that sentence maveh precedes hever (aish) and that is why the tanna listed ‘a person’ before ‘hever’ in the first sentence of the Mishna.
Rabbeinu Tam offers another solution to this difficulty, in line with the answer Tosafot said earlier when the question was raised, why is regel listed first? It appears in the Torah later. Tosafot answered that although regel is mentioned later the title shor appears earlier in keren. Rabbeinu Tam offers a similar solution to our present problem about listing a person before hever (aish).
And Rabbeinu Tam explained that the title “person” appears before aish in the parsha, when the Torah says (Shemot 21, 27) - “if a man will steal an ox”, and that is one of the primary damagers, as is taught in the Braita in the Gemara.¹ See שיטה מקובצת for various opinions who disagree with Rashi and Tosafot about the order that the tanna chose for our Mishna.